Johannesburg-Pretoria Metro OMI data between 2005-2016. There are decreases over the city, including from car emissions, and large decreases just to the east of the city, which are associated with decreases in emissions at a number of coal-burning power plants. The increases are from the reactivation of several shuttered power plants to keep up with electrical demand.
Monthly OMI Nitrogen Dioxide data (top panel) and de-seasonalized data (bottom panel) from 2005 to 2016 for Johannesburg.
Select from the cities below to find data and plots specific to each location. To sort, simply click on one of the column headings.
| City | Country | Region | 2016 Avg. NO2 | Change (%) | Uncertainty (±%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aberdeen | United Kingdom | Europe | 1.87 | -22.75 | 14.71 |
| Amsterdam | Netherlands | Europe | 8.44 | -24.16 | 11.36 |
| Athens | Greece | Europe | 4.22 | -59.09 | 8.89 |
| Barcelona | Spain | Europe | 6.32 | -48.30 | 7.63 |
| Belfast | United Kingdom | Europe | 1.90 | -20.96 | 13.77 |
| Belgrade | Serbia | Europe | 2.96 | -10.80 | 16.05 |
| Berlin | Germany | Europe | 4.79 | -26.52 | 19.34 |
| Birmingham | United Kingdom | Europe | 5.27 | -41.50 | 14.65 |
| Bordeaux | France | Europe | 2.48 | -35.97 | 11.20 |
| Bremen | Germany | Europe | 4.82 | -7.21 | 14.03 |
| Bristol | United Kingdom | Europe | 3.49 | -27.38 | 16.55 |
| Brussels | Belgium | Europe | 8.47 | -29.00 | 12.31 |
| Bucharest | Romania | Europe | 2.95 | -20.82 | 8.04 |
| Budapest | Hungary | Europe | 4.39 | -28.03 | 11.47 |
| Copenhagen | Denmark | Europe | 3.33 | -23.81 | 11.78 |
| Dublin | Ireland | Europe | 1.92 | -43.83 | 15.16 |
| Edinburgh | United Kingdom | Europe | 2.74 | -35.34 | 12.86 |
| Essen | Germany | Europe | 11.65 | -33.90 | 9.57 |
| Frankfurt | Germany | Europe | 7.96 | -23.10 | 12.79 |
| Glasgow | United Kingdom | Europe | 2.31 | -23.04 | 14.80 |
| Hamburg | Germany | Europe | 4.76 | -17.68 | 12.56 |
| Helsinki | Finland | Europe | 2.25 | -20.89 | 18.27 |
| Leeds | United Kingdom | Europe | 6.13 | -27.16 | 13.23 |
| Lisbon | Portugal | Europe | 3.93 | -55.85 | 8.83 |
| Liverpool | United Kingdom | Europe | 3.76 | -33.34 | 22.86 |
| London | United Kingdom | Europe | 9.02 | -45.00 | 11.02 |
| Lyons | France | Europe | 4.44 | -43.72 | 11.02 |
| Madrid | Spain | Europe | 7.73 | -57.54 | 8.88 |
| Manchester | United Kingdom | Europe | 5.99 | -32.71 | 14.54 |
| Marseilles | France | Europe | 3.79 | -48.68 | 8.32 |
| Milan | Italy | Europe | 11.19 | -47.59 | 9.94 |
| Moscow | Russia | Europe | 11.34 | -36.68 | 20.11 |
| Munich | Germany | Europe | 4.01 | -29.20 | 16.58 |
| Naples | Italy | Europe | 3.59 | -47.41 | 8.97 |
| Newcastle on Tyne | United Kingdom | Europe | 2.87 | -29.20 | 14.62 |
| Odessa | Ukraine | Europe | 2.07 | -8.11 | 11.92 |
| Oslo | Norway | Europe | 2.36 | -21.24 | 16.36 |
| Paris | France | Europe | 8.29 | -49.67 | 11.14 |
| Plymouth | United Kingdom | Europe | 1.69 | -28.60 | 18.39 |
| Prague | Czech Republic | Europe | 4.69 | -20.69 | 12.76 |
| Reykjavik | Iceland | Europe | 0.31 | 13.11 | 28.45 |
| Rome | Italy | Europe | 3.46 | -49.66 | 7.76 |
| Saint Petersburg | Russia | Europe | 5.62 | -26.29 | 11.82 |
| Sofia | Bulgaria | Europe | 2.45 | -25.19 | 11.47 |
| Stockholm | Sweden | Europe | 2.11 | -11.29 | 13.23 |
| Venice | Italy | Europe | 6.73 | -29.75 | 10.69 |
| Vienna | Austria | Europe | 4.47 | -26.53 | 9.81 |
| Vladivostok | Russia | Europe | 2.08 | -4.38 | 12.22 |
| Warsaw | Poland | Europe | 4.59 | -6.24 | 12.19 |
| Zurich | Switzerland | Europe | 4.02 | -17.88 | 16.07 |
| City | Country | Region | 2016 Avg. NO2 | Change (%) | Uncertainty (±%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abidjan | Ivory Coast | Africa | 1.18 | -2.64 | 12.36 |
| Accra | Ghana | Africa | 1.09 | -8.40 | 17.11 |
| Addis Ababa | Ethiopia | Africa | 0.83 | 14.38 | 13.18 |
| Algiers | Algeria | Africa | 2.24 | 15.15 | 11.84 |
| Cape Town | South Africa | Africa | 1.40 | -18.76 | 10.11 |
| Dakar | Senegal | Africa | 0.81 | 46.14 | 13.91 |
| Dar Es Salaam | Tanzania | Africa | 0.74 | 23.80 | 16.45 |
| Djibouti | Djibouti | Africa | 0.50 | 9.49 | 9.54 |
| Durban | South Africa | Africa | 2.57 | -21.79 | 9.11 |
| Harare | Zimbabwe | Africa | 1.12 | 10.55 | 14.05 |
| Johannesburg | South Africa | Africa | 6.60 | -25.74 | 12.72 |
| Kano | Nigeria | Africa | 1.07 | 16.59 | 9.75 |
| Khartoum | Sudan | Africa | 1.08 | 10.59 | 8.05 |
| Kinshasa | Congo (Brazzaville) | Africa | 1.61 | 8.99 | 16.76 |
| Lagos | Nigeria | Africa | 1.57 | 14.40 | 13.80 |
| Luanda | Angola | Africa | 1.15 | 80.72 | 20.18 |
| Nairobi | Kenya | Africa | 0.70 | 0.40 | 12.56 |
| NDjamena | Chad | Africa | 0.90 | 14.99 | 13.44 |
| Tananarive | Madagascar | Africa | 0.69 | 27.96 | 14.58 |
| Tripoli | Libya | Africa | 1.97 | -4.97 | 8.98 |
| City | Country | Region | 2016 Avg. NO2 | Change (%) | Uncertainty (±%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adelaide | Australia | Oceania | 1.52 | -26.69 | 9.78 |
| Auckland | New Zealand | Oceania | 1.17 | -25.37 | 10.91 |
| Brisbane | Australia | Oceania | 2.06 | -36.82 | 8.10 |
| Darwin | Australia | Oceania | 0.69 | -20.58 | 18.43 |
| Hobart | Australia | Oceania | 0.47 | -17.13 | 16.65 |
| Melbourne | Australia | Oceania | 3.17 | -52.10 | 14.07 |
| Perth | Australia | Oceania | 1.35 | -22.41 | 10.17 |
| Sydney | Australia | Oceania | 3.39 | -30.28 | 8.36 |
| Wellington | New Zealand | Oceania | 0.64 | -1.78 | 12.04 |
| City | Country | Region | 2016 Avg. NO2 | Change (%) | Uncertainty (±%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ahmedabad | India | South Asia | 2.59 | 1.47 | 7.64 |
| Bengaluru | India | South Asia | 1.52 | 33.17 | 10.32 |
| Calcutta | India | South Asia | 2.44 | 34.55 | 10.61 |
| Chennai | India | South Asia | 2.05 | 16.98 | 11.57 |
| Dhaka | Bangladesh | South Asia | 3.21 | 96.70 | 15.22 |
| Hyderabad | India | South Asia | 1.72 | 26.63 | 12.10 |
| Islamabad | Pakistan | South Asia | 2.35 | 48.87 | 14.37 |
| Karachi | Pakistan | South Asia | 3.20 | 2.36 | 10.21 |
| Lahore | Pakistan | South Asia | 3.74 | 51.61 | 15.41 |
| Mumbai | India | South Asia | 2.64 | -2.15 | 11.50 |
| New Delhi | India | South Asia | 5.78 | 2.52 | 13.84 |
| Pune | India | South Asia | 1.26 | 24.66 | 12.76 |
| Surat | India | South Asia | 2.22 | -5.49 | 8.47 |
| City | Country | Region | 2016 Avg. NO2 | Change (%) | Uncertainty (±%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aleppo | Syria | Middle East | 2.35 | -47.17 | 12.23 |
| Alexandria | Egypt | Middle East | 1.85 | 21.06 | 9.96 |
| Ankara | Turkey | Middle East | 4.56 | -9.16 | 12.96 |
| Baghdad | Iraq | Middle East | 3.85 | 60.95 | 11.02 |
| Beirut | Lebanon | Middle East | 3.50 | 95.68 | 15.59 |
| Cairo | Egypt | Middle East | 4.85 | 12.35 | 8.91 |
| Damascus | Syria | Middle East | 2.93 | -40.68 | 9.78 |
| Gaziantep | Turkey | Middle East | 1.41 | 60.17 | 11.95 |
| Homs | Syria | Middle East | 2.02 | 2.49 | 9.72 |
| Istanbul | Turkey | Middle East | 5.96 | -14.28 | 14.31 |
| Jerusalem | Israel | Middle East | 3.06 | -14.16 | 8.24 |
| Kabul | Afghanistan | Middle East | 1.39 | 53.62 | 11.66 |
| Kirkuk | Iraq | Middle East | 1.68 | 55.34 | 14.42 |
| Kuwait City | Kuwait | Middle East | 5.85 | 8.83 | 7.87 |
| Mecca | Saudi Arabia | Middle East | 3.76 | 15.28 | 10.57 |
| Mosul | Iraq | Middle East | 1.89 | 36.30 | 13.92 |
| Riyadh | Saudi Arabia | Middle East | 9.45 | -3.12 | 10.23 |
| Tehran | Iran | Middle East | 11.37 | 14.02 | 18.39 |
| City | Country | Region | 2016 Avg. NO2 | Change (%) | Uncertainty (±%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Asuncion | Paraguay | South and Central America | 0.92 | -12.31 | 21.40 |
| Belem | Brazil | South and Central America | 0.69 | -19.10 | 14.19 |
| Belo Horizonte | Brazil | South and Central America | 1.53 | -5.66 | 11.91 |
| Bogota | Colombia | South and Central America | 1.39 | 3.85 | 17.09 |
| Buenos Aires | Argentina | South and Central America | 4.47 | -16.56 | 11.85 |
| Caracas | Venezuela | South and Central America | 2.13 | -8.11 | 12.22 |
| Cayenne | French Guiana | South and Central America | 0.12 | 14.63 | 20.63 |
| Cordoba | Argentina | South and Central America | 1.06 | -0.75 | 9.75 |
| Georgetown | Guyana | South and Central America | 0.15 | 18.50 | 25.11 |
| Guatemala City | Guatemala | South and Central America | 0.99 | 6.65 | 12.95 |
| Guayaquil | Ecuador | South and Central America | 2.12 | -2.76 | 18.04 |
| Havana | Cuba | South and Central America | 0.86 | 3.51 | 12.18 |
| Iquique | Chile | South and Central America | 0.32 | -1.54 | 14.48 |
| Kingston | Jamaica | South and Central America | 1.36 | 4.64 | 8.97 |
| La Paz | Bolivia | South and Central America | 0.39 | 62.59 | 25.24 |
| Lima | Peru | South and Central America | 3.02 | 25.09 | 11.07 |
| Medellin | Colombia | South and Central America | 0.95 | 1.42 | 10.33 |
| Montevideo | Uruguay | South and Central America | 1.13 | 5.26 | 13.62 |
| Panama City | Panama | South and Central America | 1.35 | 22.57 | 12.14 |
| Paramaribo | Suriname | South and Central America | 0.27 | 0.82 | 15.32 |
| Porto Alegre | Brazil | South and Central America | 1.36 | -2.22 | 10.89 |
| Recife | Brazil | South and Central America | 0.67 | 26.12 | 11.11 |
| Rio de Janeiro | Brazil | South and Central America | 3.36 | -4.80 | 10.30 |
| Salvador | Brazil | South and Central America | 0.69 | 33.86 | 14.56 |
| Santiago | Chile | South and Central America | 5.42 | 29.57 | 14.70 |
| Sao Paulo | Brazil | South and Central America | 6.44 | -22.88 | 10.24 |
| City | Country | Region | 2016 Avg. NO2 | Change (%) | Uncertainty (±%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atlanta | United States | North America | 6.62 | -56.35 | 7.08 |
| Boston | United States | North America | 6.29 | -43.19 | 9.54 |
| Chicago | United States | North America | 11.42 | -47.49 | 9.63 |
| Chihuahua | Mexico | North America | 1.35 | -3.43 | 8.73 |
| Dallas Fort Worth | United States | North America | 4.63 | -40.25 | 6.53 |
| Detroit | United States | North America | 8.62 | -46.22 | 9.25 |
| Guadalajara | Mexico | North America | 3.37 | -29.64 | 7.10 |
| Houston | United States | North America | 5.80 | -40.60 | 7.39 |
| Los Angeles | United States | North America | 17.46 | -63.27 | 5.46 |
| Mazatlan | Mexico | North America | 0.87 | -8.63 | 9.76 |
| Mexico City | Mexico | North America | 2.97 | -3.96 | 15.02 |
| Miami | United States | North America | 3.02 | -36.70 | 8.08 |
| Monterrey | Mexico | North America | 4.93 | -10.69 | 10.70 |
| New York | United States | North America | 15.74 | -49.55 | 7.37 |
| Philadelphia | United States | North America | 9.78 | -49.99 | 7.36 |
| Phoenix Mesa | United States | North America | 6.32 | -62.30 | 6.70 |
| San Francisco / San Jose | United States | North America | 4.33 | -46.94 | 10.15 |
| Toronto | Canada | North America | 9.17 | -31.29 | 11.62 |
| Veracruz | Mexico | North America | 1.07 | 4.46 | 10.91 |
| Washington D.C. | United States | North America | 8.62 | -49.50 | 6.96 |
| City | Country | Region | 2016 Avg. NO2 | Change (%) | Uncertainty (±%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bandung | Indonesia | Southeast Asia | 1.00 | 0.72 | 11.03 |
| Bangkok | Thailand | Southeast Asia | 4.35 | -2.79 | 11.32 |
| Ho Chi Minh City | Vietnam | Southeast Asia | 1.53 | 20.21 | 12.11 |
| Jakarta | Indonesia | Southeast Asia | 5.35 | -40.72 | 7.40 |
| Kuala Lumpur | Malaysia | Southeast Asia | 3.47 | -16.65 | 11.14 |
| Manila | Philippines | Southeast Asia | 2.09 | 7.13 | 9.52 |
| Port Moresby | Papua New Guinea | Southeast Asia | 0.22 | 29.42 | 20.52 |
| Singapore | Singapore | Southeast Asia | 4.78 | -5.70 | 14.64 |
| Surabaya | Indonesia | Southeast Asia | 2.43 | -8.84 | 9.07 |
| Yangoon | Myanmar | Southeast Asia | 0.76 | 35.48 | 13.64 |
| City | Country | Region | 2016 Avg. NO2 | Change (%) | Uncertainty (±%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beijing | China | East Asia | 17.34 | -28.67 | 11.07 |
| Busan | South Korea | East Asia | 6.90 | -5.66 | 9.70 |
| Chengdu | China | East Asia | 7.81 | 15.06 | 16.64 |
| Chongqing | China | East Asia | 7.12 | 25.65 | 18.64 |
| Dalian | China | East Asia | 6.65 | 5.30 | 16.60 |
| Dongguan | China | East Asia | 15.96 | -57.16 | 10.72 |
| Fukuoka | Japan | East Asia | 4.81 | -31.48 | 9.83 |
| Fuzhou | China | East Asia | 4.21 | 0.49 | 10.29 |
| Guangzhou | China | East Asia | 17.69 | -51.52 | 15.26 |
| Hangzhou | China | East Asia | 12.69 | -24.78 | 18.48 |
| Harbin | China | East Asia | 5.74 | -0.82 | 26.86 |
| Hong Kong | China | East Asia | 11.92 | -39.43 | 10.63 |
| Nagasaki | Japan | East Asia | 2.34 | 2.01 | 12.19 |
| Nagoya | Japan | East Asia | 10.60 | -48.56 | 8.47 |
| Nanjing | China | East Asia | 13.47 | -13.31 | 14.40 |
| Osaka | Japan | East Asia | 10.24 | -45.15 | 9.41 |
| Qingdao | China | East Asia | 9.06 | -7.70 | 17.61 |
| Quanzhou | China | East Asia | 3.47 | 23.71 | 16.65 |
| Seoul | South Korea | East Asia | 16.06 | -24.13 | 11.17 |
| Shanghai | China | East Asia | 18.97 | -33.69 | 11.59 |
| Shenyang | China | East Asia | 8.45 | 4.22 | 15.40 |
| Shenzhen | China | East Asia | 14.54 | -51.70 | 9.24 |
| Suzhou | China | East Asia | 14.87 | -6.91 | 13.89 |
| Taipei | China | East Asia | 6.20 | -33.03 | 10.87 |
| Tianjin | China | East Asia | 14.06 | -6.21 | 13.61 |
| Tokyo | Japan | East Asia | 17.40 | -47.09 | 7.44 |
| Wuhan | China | East Asia | 10.01 | 14.12 | 18.92 |
| Xian | China | East Asia | 10.85 | 2.84 | 16.64 |
| Zhengzhou | China | East Asia | 14.15 | -12.43 | 15.33 |