Europe
There are large decreases in OMI NO2 levels from 2005 to 2016 over European cities, which are due to tightening vehicle emission standards. The largest decreases (−45-−55%) occur over the major cities of the Iberian Peninsula (Madrid and Barcelona (Spain), Lisbon (Portugal)) and Athens (Greece). Some of the decrease in Spain and Greece may have occurred as their economies have been slow to recover after the global economic recession that began in 2008. Large decreases occurred over other major cities, such as Paris, London (United Kingdom), Moscow (Russia), and those in the Netherlands, Belgium, and the industrialized Po River Valley (Italy) and Ruhr region (Germany).
European Regional Changes in NO2, 2005-2016
The trend map of Europe shows the change in nitrogen dioxide concentrations from 2005 to 2016.
| City | Country | Region | 2021 Average NO2 | Change (%) | Uncertainty (±%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zurich | Switzerland |
Europe | 2.811e+15 | -28.7843 | 9.22 |
| Zmiivska power station | Ukraine |
Europe | 1.622e+15 | -39.3465 | 17.70 |
| Zaporizhia power station | Ukraine |
Europe | 2.205e+15 | -27.0293 | 9.31 |
| Zainskaya GRES | Russia |
Europe | 1.513e+15 | -9.60238 | 15.45 |
| Yerevan | Armenia |
Europe | 2.206e+15 | 29.8018 | 14.77 |
| West Burton | UK |
Europe | 4.041e+15 | -61.8603 | 8.61 |
| Warsaw | Poland |
Europe | 3.147e+15 | -22.3984 | 15.74 |
| Vuglegirska power station | Ukraine |
Europe | 2.686e+15 | -38.9569 | 12.45 |
| Vladivostok | Russia |
Europe | 2.218e+15 | -4.59428 | 12.07 |
| Vilnius | Lithuania |
Europe | 1.499e+15 | 12.7821 | 15.24 |
| Vienna | Austria |
Europe | 3.456e+15 | -24.4911 | 9.92 |
| Venice | Italy |
Europe | 4.900e+15 | -44.5899 | 7.12 |
| Troitskaya GRES | Russia |
Europe | 9.244e+14 | -45.7854 | 15.55 |
| Tbilisi | Georgia |
Europe | 1.619e+15 | 17.4324 | 10.64 |
| Tallinn | Estonia |
Europe | 1.104e+15 | 0.213837 | 10.90 |
| Surgutskaya GRES 2 | Russia |
Europe | 1.128e+15 | -24.7089 | 8.38 |
| Stockholm | Sweden |
Europe | 1.507e+15 | -25.4325 | 7.28 |
| Stavropolskaya GRES | Russia |
Europe | 1.697e+15 | -7.78812 | 9.38 |
| Sofia | Bulgaria |
Europe | 1.989e+15 | -17.0062 | 10.26 |
| Saint Petersburg | Russia |
Europe | 3.498e+15 | -25.1631 | 9.09 |
| Rome | Italy |
Europe | 2.125e+15 | -50.2306 | 5.51 |
| Riga | Latvia |
Europe | 1.178e+15 | 1.77816 | 12.44 |
| Reykjavik | Iceland |
Europe | 3.196e+14 | -7.97073 | 18.97 |
| Reftinskaya GRES | Russia |
Europe | 2.942e+15 | -29.9889 | 12.65 |
| Prague | Czech Republic |
Europe | 3.997e+15 | -19.0529 | 11.53 |
| Porto Tolle | Italy |
Europe | 4.046e+15 | -31.1916 | 12.34 |
| Port of Ghent | Belgium |
Europe | 6.038e+15 | -46.3783 | 10.95 |
| Port of Dunkirk | France |
Europe | 4.528e+15 | -46.0707 | 10.72 |
| Porcheville | France |
Europe | 3.227e+15 | -47.3400 | 12.15 |
| Plymouth | England |
Europe | 1.327e+15 | -30.6883 | 12.23 |
| Permskaya | Russia |
Europe | 1.254e+15 | -9.02244 | 14.75 |
| Pembroke | UK |
Europe | 8.966e+14 | -42.5699 | 13.83 |
| Paris | France |
Europe | 4.501e+15 | -54.7252 | 8.47 |
| Oslo | Norway |
Europe | 1.560e+15 | -31.1152 | 9.34 |
| Odessa | Ukraine |
Europe | 1.926e+15 | -10.8881 | 8.33 |
| Novocherkasskaya GRES | Russia |
Europe | 2.596e+15 | -10.1647 | 11.53 |
| Nizhnevartovskaya | Russia |
Europe | 7.697e+14 | -32.3822 | 8.99 |
| Niederaussem power station | Germany |
Europe | 6.774e+15 | -43.7643 | 8.75 |
| Newcastle on Tyne | England |
Europe | 2.194e+15 | -34.4576 | 11.06 |
| Neurath power station | Germany |
Europe | 6.747e+15 | -43.0069 | 8.88 |
| Naples | Italy |
Europe | 2.479e+15 | -39.7403 | 6.97 |
| Munich | Germany |
Europe | 2.690e+15 | -25.5527 | 11.18 |
| Moscow | Russia |
Europe | 7.810e+15 | -47.3084 | 12.04 |
| Montalto | Italy |
Europe | 1.224e+15 | -27.5443 | 7.79 |
| Moldavskaya GRES | Moldova |
Europe | 1.661e+15 | 5.65631 | 9.55 |
| Minsk | Belarus |
Europe | 1.569e+15 | -16.7031 | 13.47 |
| Milan | Italy |
Europe | 7.175e+15 | -51.8521 | 6.34 |
| Marseilles | France |
Europe | 2.211e+15 | -51.8434 | 6.35 |
| Mariupol | Ukraine |
Europe | 1.975e+15 | -36.7918 | 7.55 |
| Manchester | England |
Europe | 3.366e+15 | -59.0115 | 11.36 |
| Madrid | Spain |
Europe | 3.227e+15 | -56.8119 | 6.09 |
| Lyons | France |
Europe | 2.454e+15 | -41.1181 | 6.84 |
| Lukoml Thermal Power Plant Belarus | Belarus |
Europe | 1.116e+15 | -12.9741 | 17.04 |
| London | United Kingdom |
Europe | 4.780e+15 | -58.9777 | 10.66 |
| Liverpool | England |
Europe | 2.201e+15 | -47.2975 | 16.66 |
| Lisbon | Portugal |
Europe | 1.879e+15 | -42.2720 | 7.06 |
| Leeds | England |
Europe | 3.511e+15 | -49.8567 | 13.55 |
| Kyiv | Ukraine |
Europe | 2.503e+15 | -20.7838 | 13.41 |
| Krostromskaya | Russia |
Europe | 2.022e+15 | -12.1158 | 16.30 |
| Kozienice | Poland |
Europe | 2.652e+15 | -25.7885 | 13.25 |
| Konakovskaya | Russia |
Europe | 2.123e+15 | -17.1269 | 15.94 |
| Kirishskaya GRES | Russia |
Europe | 1.360e+15 | -12.5082 | 12.96 |
| Kherson | Ukraine |
Europe | 1.594e+15 | -0.907160 | 9.32 |
| Kharkiv | Ukraine |
Europe | 1.935e+15 | -30.3445 | 17.73 |
| Janschwalde power station | Germany |
Europe | 3.769e+15 | -16.4800 | 12.04 |
| Iriklinskaya | Russia |
Europe | 9.007e+14 | -16.7579 | 14.16 |
| Helsinki | Finland |
Europe | 1.431e+15 | -29.4102 | 8.32 |
| Hamburg | Germany |
Europe | 3.565e+15 | -29.5637 | 12.32 |
| Glasgow | Scotland |
Europe | 1.582e+15 | -41.6188 | 12.03 |
| Gersteinwerk | Germany |
Europe | 4.939e+15 | -39.0788 | 12.13 |
| Frankfurt | Germany |
Europe | 5.206e+15 | -39.1340 | 10.45 |
| Essen | Germany |
Europe | 7.380e+15 | -44.7486 | 7.63 |
| Eems | Netherlands |
Europe | 3.025e+15 | -26.4881 | 10.99 |
| Edinburgh | Scotland |
Europe | 1.865e+15 | -49.9464 | 8.98 |
| Dublin | Ireland |
Europe | 1.467e+15 | -29.5891 | 9.65 |
| Donetsk | Ukraine |
Europe | 2.851e+15 | -37.7126 | 11.26 |
| Cottam | UK |
Europe | 3.837e+15 | -61.6277 | 8.58 |
| Copenhagen | Denmark |
Europe | 2.126e+15 | -36.5057 | 10.88 |
| CHP 23 | Russia |
Europe | 7.966e+15 | -47.5137 | 12.19 |
| Burshtyn power station | Ukraine |
Europe | 1.831e+15 | 6.33254 | 12.42 |
| Budapest | Hungary |
Europe | 3.359e+15 | -22.0606 | 8.32 |
| Bucharest | Romania |
Europe | 2.637e+15 | -15.1587 | 6.84 |
| Brussels | Belgium |
Europe | 5.481e+15 | -47.8768 | 9.62 |
| Bristol | England |
Europe | 2.264e+15 | -49.8013 | 12.20 |
| Brindisi Sud power station | Italy |
Europe | 1.749e+15 | -28.2738 | 6.95 |
| Bremen | Germany |
Europe | 3.750e+15 | -27.3962 | 12.31 |
| Brandenburg | Germany |
Europe | 3.172e+15 | -26.5897 | 11.84 |
| Boxberg power station | Germany |
Europe | 3.663e+15 | -12.9805 | 11.48 |
| Bordeaux | France |
Europe | 1.596e+15 | -34.9013 | 7.43 |
| BoA 2 | Germany |
Europe | 6.747e+15 | -43.0069 | 8.88 |
| Birmingham | England |
Europe | 3.081e+15 | -53.7590 | 11.04 |
| Berlin | Germany |
Europe | 3.668e+15 | -27.9769 | 11.05 |
| Berezovskaya GRES | Russia |
Europe | 1.076e+15 | -14.3430 | 13.94 |
| Belgrade | Serbia |
Europe | 3.316e+15 | -15.7182 | 8.79 |
| Belfast | Northern Ireland |
Europe | 1.514e+15 | -36.5319 | 9.08 |
| Belchatow | Poland |
Europe | 3.845e+15 | -27.9487 | 11.68 |
| Barcelona | Spain |
Europe | 3.176e+15 | -54.2173 | 5.34 |
| Baku | Azerbaijan |
Europe | 3.042e+15 | 30.7511 | 9.55 |
| Azerbaijan TPP | Azerbaijan |
Europe | 1.779e+15 | -3.32576 | 9.00 |
| Athens | Greece |
Europe | 2.930e+15 | -45.8480 | 7.45 |
| Amsterdam | Netherlands |
Europe | 4.507e+15 | -29.2377 | 10.48 |
| Aberdeen | Scotland |
Europe | 1.324e+15 | -33.6171 | 8.75 |